The flux path of an axial flux motor (disc motor) is different from that of an ordinary radial motor. The air gap is planar. The direction of the air gap magnetic field is parallel to the direction of the motor axis. The core technical advantage of the axial flux motor is that the rotating rotor is structurally located on the side of the stator. Rather than inside the stator, the rotor has a larger diameter.
Torque = force × radius, so higher torque output can be obtained under the same force. This means that higher torque output can be obtained while providing the same permanent magnet material and copper wire material.
Generally, new axial flux motors can increase torque density by more than 30% compared to traditional radial motors.
Axial Flux Motor Key Technology
Topology
According to the number of stators and rotors, their relative positions, and the classification of the main magnetic circuit, the basic topology can be divided into four types, namely single stator and single rotor structure, double stator and single rotor structure, single stator and double rotor structure and multi-disc structure.
The automotive electric drive industry focuses on using two structural topologies: double stator single rotor and single stator double rotor.
Motor 3D design
The flux path of traditional radial motor follows nonlinear 2D path, while the axial flux motor is 3D path.
Therefore, the differences between the two must be taken into consideration when performing performance simulation design. Models should be built according to their respective characteristics to improve the accuracy of the model.
For new flux motors, 3D multi-physics joint simulation and multi-objective comprehensive optimization can be used to design electromagnetic solutions. Continuously improve the computational efficiency of axial flux motor design and improve accurate virtual modeling and simulation capabilities.
New material technology
For heat dissipation and cooling, high-strength and high thermal conductivity epoxy resin potting filling materials are developed. To increase the heat dissipation capacity of the motor body and prevent the permanent magnet from demagnetizing at high temperatures.
Develop sheet molding compound (SMC) composite materials, amorphous alloy materials, and oriented silicon steel with high magnetic permeability and low loss for the stator and rotor lamination cores. SMC materials are easy to form and have simple heat treatment processes, making them suitable for mass production.
A carbon fiber winding and fixation strengthening process was developed to meet the needs of a high-strength stator and rotor. In order to cope with the physical characteristics of the permanent magnet itself which has poor tensile strength.
Manufacturing process
For stator winding, we develop rectangular cross-section copper wire, spiral concentrated winding, and multi-pole continuous winding technology.
Develop low-loss segmented fixed installation and magnetic pole shoe demagnetization protection processes for permanent magnets.
Develop yokeless segmented armature splicing, boltless fixing with end covers, and powder metallurgy manufacturing processes for the stator core.
In response to batch production needs, we develop automated stator and rotor assembly technology, automated production of flat conductor forming coils, and flexible automated production line technology.
Applications Of Axial Flux Motor
In the field of automotive electric drives using permanent magnet synchronous motors or induction motors, traditional radial flux motors are being extensively developed for weight and cost optimization.
However, there is very limited room for further improvements in technology levels. Therefore, moving to a completely different motor type may be a good alternative.
Because the axial flux motor has the technical characteristics of compact structure, flat and ultra-thin, small size, lightweight, and high power density.
Many developers have worked hard to improve this technology in the past decade. Make it gradually suitable for electric motorcycles and airport cranes. new application scenarios such as cabins, cargo trucks, electric vehicles, and even electric aircraft.
Motorneo Manufacture Capabilities Of Axial Flux Electric Motor
Motorneo has focused on the development of disc stator technology for many years. After years of R&D investment, it currently has multiple independently designed and developed disc stator stamping and winding systems, which can meet the daily production capacity demand of 1,000 PCs.
Our axial flux stators export all over the world with dimensions from 25mm to 950mm. In addition, we offer an axial flux stator lamination prototype.
We offer customized skew slot disc motor stators. The skew slot design enhances motor efficiency and reduces cogging, resulting in smoother operation. Our axial flux motors come with 3M260 coating on the stator, providing an extra layer of protection and durability.
Conclusion
As an emerging technology, axial flux motors can be used in high-power centralized drive and distributed direct drive electrified chassis scenarios under flat limited boundary space conditions in the future. As industry research deepens, technology continues to mature, application scenarios continue to enrich, and scale effects become more prominent, its comprehensive advantages in performance and cost will be transformed into economic benefit advantages.
FAQS
How does axial flux technology differ from traditional radial flux motors
Axial flux technology differs from traditional radial flux motors primarily in its rotor-stator configuration. In axial flux motors, the magnetic flux travels parallel to the motor’s axis, allowing for a more compact and efficient design.
This contrasts with radial flux motors, where the flux moves radially from the center outward. The axial configuration results in a higher power density and more efficient use of space, making axial flux motors well-suited for various applications demanding compactness and enhanced performance.
What advancements are expected in the future of axial flux technology?
The future of axial flux technology involves further mass adoption across industries, driven by ongoing technological advancements and maturity in the field.
What challenges do axial flux motors face, and how are they being addressed?
Challenges include heat dissipation and cost considerations, which are being addressed through ongoing research and material advancements.