Elevator motors usually use permanent magnet synchronous motors, mainly because permanent magnet synchronous motors are easy to produce with low speed and high power. Having a compact structure and complete functions. It integrates a traction motor, a traction wheel, an electromagnetic brake, and a photoelectric encoder. It is easy to install and use.
What is Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs)
The permanent magnet synchronous motor is a motor that works based on the principle of magnetic field synchronization. Its core components are permanent magnets and rotors. The permanent magnet generates a magnetic field, and the rotor rotates under the influence of the magnetic field to generate torque, thereby driving the mechanical device to rotate.
Key features and advantages of PMSM
Permanent Magnets
PMSMs use permanent magnets, typically made of materials like neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) or samarium-cobalt (SmCo), in the rotor. These magnets retain their magnetization without the need for an external power source, enhancing motor efficiency.
Constant Speed
The 4-pole speed of an ordinary motor is 1400n/min. The rotation speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is 1500n/min.
High Power Factor
When the permanent magnet motor is operating normally, the rotor speed is consistent with the stator magnetic field speed. The rotor poles are made of permanent magnet steel. There is no current and the induced current on the stator is reduced, so the power factor is high.
Generally, the lagging power factor can reach or exceed 0.95. The extensive use of permanent magnet motors can eliminate the need for equipment such as reactive power compensators.
High Efficiency
Compared with traditional induction motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors are more efficient and can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy to the greatest extent.
Smooth And Quiet Operation
The operating noise and vibration of the permanent magnet synchronous motor are smaller, making the elevator run more smoothly and quietly.
Regenerative Braking
PMSMs can be used in regenerative braking systems, allowing them to convert kinetic energy back into electrical energy during deceleration or braking, further enhancing energy efficiency.
Advanced Control
PMSMs are often paired with sophisticated control algorithms, such as field-oriented control (FOC), to optimize their performance and adapt to various operating conditions.
Get a high-performance elevator motor Laminations
Motorneo customized motor stator rotor lamination stacks apply for escalator and elevator lift traction motors. Whether your elevator needs permanent magnet synchronous motor lamination or segmented motor stator lamination, Motorneo’s lamination core solution can meet client needs.
Motorneo has a fully independent and well-experienced R&D team, which can cooperate with clients to develop, design, and produce all kinds of motor cores, with stator diameters from 40mm to 1250mm.
Conclusion
The use of permanent magnet synchronous motors in elevators can effectively improve the efficiency and comfort of elevators, meet the requirements of modern cities, and reduce operating and maintenance costs.
FAQS
What is an elevator traction motor?
An elevator motor is a complex electromechanical device responsible for the vertical movement of elevator cabins within buildings. It consists of two primary components: the rotor and stator.
The rotor, also known as the armature, is the moving part of the elevator motor. It connects with the elevator’s mechanical system and is responsible for driving the elevator cab up or down.
Are PMSMs suitable for all types of elevators?
PMSMs are highly versatile and can be adapted to various elevator types, including passenger elevators, freight elevators, and specialized elevators for hospitals and skyscrapers.
Do PMSMs require more maintenance than traditional elevator motors?
No, PMSMs often require less maintenance due to their robust design and reduced wear and tear, leading to lower maintenance costs.
What are the types of motor elevator tractors?
Elevator traction machines, also known as elevator tractors, are critical components that facilitate the movement of elevator cabs within buildings. They come in various types, each with its own set of advantages and applications. Here are some common types of elevator tractors:
Geared Traction Machine:
Worm Gear Machines: These are among the most traditional types of elevator traction machines. They use a worm gear to control the movement of the elevator cab. While they are simple and reliable, they are less energy-efficient than some other options.
Helical Geared Machines: These machines employ helical gears and are more efficient than worm gear machines. They offer smoother and quieter operation.
Gearless Traction Machine:
Gearless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) Machines: These are highly efficient and have become increasingly popular in modern elevator systems.
AC Gearless PMSM machines utilize a permanent magnet motor that is directly connected to the sheave (pulley). This direct-drive system eliminates the need for traditional gears, resulting in reduced maintenance, energy savings, and a compact design.
They are often used in high-rise buildings where energy efficiency and smooth operation are critical.